The oncosphere is surrounded by 3 layers the capsule, the outer envelope and the. Differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of hymenolepis nana and hymenolepis diminuta. The parasite is among the neglected tropical diseases ntd. Cdc hymenolepis resources for health professionals.
The egg of the hymenolepis nana is characterized by a colorless shell with filaments emerging from polar thickenings and 3 pairs of hooklets within the hexacanth embryo. Hymenolepis nana is the smallest of all tapeworms found in humans and is appropriately described as the dwarf tapeworm. Biologia simplificada com emerson inacio 4,735 views. Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestode of rodents infrequently seen in humans and frequently found in rodents. The parasite is commonly known as the rat tapeworm. Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest tapeworm to infect humans. Human hymenolepiasis caused by one of two adult tapeworms hymenolepis diminuta or hymenolepis nana, is a globally widespread zoonotic infection known to be endemic in asia, southern and eastern europe, central and south america, and africa 3, 4, 5. Hymenolepis diminuta were significantly higher, which. Hymenolepis diminuta and rodentolepis nana were found in r.
The species name nana is derived from its small size which means dwarf of the adult worm. Numerous polar filaments originate from the polar thickenings, which help to distinguish it from the egg of hymenolepis diminuta in. Nov 06, 2016 alarcon islas dulce raque armenta carrillo ana sofia astorga hernandez gabriela galindo parada arantza gpe inda lopez enery jhoseline. The fine structure of the envelopes surrounding hatched and unhatched oncospheres of hymenolepis nana has been investigated by transmission and scanning electron microscopy sem, together with light microscope histochemical observations of jb4 embedded material. Pdf the aim of this survey was to study two hymenolepididae species in urban rodents, rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus, and to analyse. He recovered a countless number of them at a postmortem on a boy who had died of meningitis. Human infection is usually asymptomatic, it but can cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms.
The outer surface of the oncosphere is covered by an epithelial layer, termed the embryonic epithelium. Hymenolepis diminuta is another member of the tapeworm family hymenolepididae soulsby, 1982. Hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm infection infectious. Genetic variability among hymenolepis nana isolates from different. A shell full of polar thicknesses protects the embryo. It has slightly bigger eggs and proglottids than h. Hymenolepiasis is prevalent throughout the world with human infections with h. Heavy hymenolepis nana infection possibly through organic. Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length and hymenolepis diminuta rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length. Hymenolepis infection or infection with the dwarf tapeworm is found worldwide.
Although the dwarf tapeworm infection rarely causes symptoms, it can be misdiagnosed for pinworm infection. Nov 22, 2015 hymenolepiasis is the term when a human is infected with either h. Hymenolepiasis is an infection caused by hymenolepis nana h. Rodents are the main reservoir host of these cestodes. Hymenolepis nana hymenolepis diminuta by daniela soto on. Molecular characterization of hymenolepis nana based on. Praziquantel, adults and children, 25mgkg in a singledose therapy alternatives. Hymenolepis diminuta, also known as rat tapeworm, is a species of hymenolepis tapeworm that causes hymenolepiasis. It is inside the body cavity of these intermediate hosts that the ingested egg by way of contaminated. It is the smallest and only cestode that parasites the human without any intermediate host. Hymenolepis diminuta an overview sciencedirect topics. Nitazoxanide for the treatment of intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections in mexico. Hymenolepis nana definition of hymenolepis nana by medical.
Hymenolepis nana eggs are smaller than hymenolepis diminuta and have more crap hymenolepis nana eggs are smaller than hymenolepis diminuta and have more crap see more. Himenolepiasis parasitologia medica, 4e accessmedicina. Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length and hymenolepis dimnuta rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length. The patient was a 44yearold korean man who had suffered from chronic hepatitis type b for 15 years. Hymenoleps nana e hymenoleps diminuta by nayara rufino on. Pdf differential diagnosis and molecular characterization.
O maior importancia clinica e epidemiologica infeccao por h. It is most often seen in children in countries in which sanitation and hygiene are inadequate. Another key difference is found in the adult morphology. Despite the use of hymenolepis diminuta as a model organism in experimental parasitology, a full genome description has not yet been published. Laboratory diagnostic of hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm.
Romero cabello r, guerrero lr, munoz garcia m, geyne cruz a. Nov 24, 2018 the slightly round to oval egg of hymenolepis nana typically measures 45 by 38. Hymenolepis diminuta infection infectious diseases msd. This cestode belongs to a large family known as hymenolepididae. Larval and adult beetles but optional larval stage, cysticercoid, can develop. Hymenolepiasis is the term when a human is infected with either h.
Some common intermediate hosts include flour moths, flour beetles, meal worms, and cockroaches. Hymenoleps nana e hymenoleps diminuta by nayara rufino on prezi. Due to obvious technical limitations, rodents are currently the mainstay for experimental mammalian cestode research. When rat serum was added to the medium the larvae remained infective for 6 days at 30 c but not at. Differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of. It is small and measures up to 2540 mm in length by one mm in diameter. Hymenolepis nana is the most common cause of all cestode infections, and is encountered worldwide. Pdf hymenolepis nana and hymenolepis diminuta are globally widespread zoonotic cestodes. It is the only cestode that does not require an intermediate host to develop into its infective stage. The fine structure of the oncosphere of hymenolepis nana has been investigated by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, together with light microscope observations of jb4 embedded material. In temperate areas its incidence is higher in children and institutionalized groups.
Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestode of rodents infrequently seen in humans and frequently found in rodents life cycles. Dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, also known as rodentolepis nana, vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a cosmopolitan species though most common in temperate zones, and is one of the most common cestodes a type of intestinal worm or helminth infecting humans, especially children. To our knowledge, there are no studies that have analyzed the immune response in humans against h nana. Humans, rodents most common tapeworm of humans in the world 1% rate of infection in the southern u. Hymenolepis spp are wellestablished models in cestode research, specifically, the rat tapeworm h diminuta. Himenolepiase causas, sintomas, diagnostico e tratamento.
Hymenolepis diminuta is a tapeworm that can cause intestinal infection in humans. In the southeastern usa, as many as 1% of young schoolchildren are infected. Hymenolepis nana is also known as the dwarf tapeworm. Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest and a common tapeworm in humans worldwide. Headache, dizziness, sleep and behavior disturbances are frequent. In this article we will discuss about hymenolepis nana.
The complex life cycles of these cestodes consist of adult tapeworm stages in the small bowel of humans and rodents, and larval cysticercoid tissue stages in insects. Diplacanthus manus, hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis murina. Hymenolepiasis is more frequent among children, and most human infections remain asymptomatic and selflimited. Hymenolepis nana infection is observed in households with poor hygiene and overcrowding, and can have a prevalence of 525% in children 54. Hymenolepis diminuta and rodentolepis nana hymenolepididae. Hymenolepis diminuta has a cosmopolitan distribution with prevalence up to 1% in parts of india. We encountered a patient with heavy hymenolepis nana infection. Larval and adult beetles but optional larval stage, cysticercoid, can develop in d. The dwarf tapeworm was found in man for the first time by bilharz, in cairo, egypt, in 1851. Especie hymenolepis nana hymenolepis diminuta tamano 2 4 cm 20 60 cm escolex 0.
The difference between the eggs is used for diagnostic purposes. Values of prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity were recorded, and new morphometric characters were described, adding to previously known information. Hymenolepis nana vs hymenolepis dimunota medical laboratories. Human results showed distinct restriction patterns for both hymenolepiasis caused by the adult tapeworms, hymenolepis hymenolepis nana and hymenolepis diminuta when digested diminuta and hymenolepis nana, is a globally widespread with either of the enzymes rsai, haeiii or hhai. The central hexacanth embryo is fitted with three standard pairs of hooklet. Morfologia ciclo biologico introducao hymenoleps diminuta hymenolepis nana hymenoleps nana e hymenoleps diminuta ciclo biologico ciclo biologico morfologia. Hymenolepis diminuta definition of hymenolepis diminuta by. Hymenolepis diminuta, while less frequent, has been reported from various areas of the world. He recovered a countless number of them at a postmortem on a boy who had. The adult structure is 20 to 60 cm long and the mature proglottid is similar to that of h. Niclosamide as a treatment for hymenolepis diminuta and dipylidium caninum infection in man. The slightly round to oval egg of hymenolepis nana typically measures 45 by 38. Pdf differential diagnosis and molecular characterization of. Human hymenolepiasis is caused by hymenolepis nana i.
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